Chlamydia is the most common STD caused by chlamydia trachomatis. This causes trachoma, non- gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis leading to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). chlamydia psittaci, which causes psittacosis & chlamydia pneumonia,which causes atypical pneumonia. Chlamydia infects lower cervix canal and the urethra. Chlamydia can also be found in the throats of women and men having oral sex with an infected partner.
Symptoms- Often a chlamydia infection causes no symptoms at all. symptoms occur 1-3 weeks after exposure.women having symptoms like an abnormal vaginal discharge or a burning sensation during urination, pain during sex, any unusual sore, odour, discharge from genital and bleeding between menstrual cycle could be an STD infection. If a women has any of these symptoms she should stop having sex and consult a health care provider immediately.Men with symptoms might have discharge from the penis or a burning sensation when urinating. men might also have burning and itching around the opening of the penis.
Transmission- It is transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral sex. Infection can pass from infected mother to her baby during vaginal childbirth. MSM are also at risk of chlamydia infection because they get through oral or anal sex. Infection is transmitted by having sex with a person who has a chlamydia infection.Having sex with a new partner or having multiple sex partners or a person who has had many sex partner are at increase risk of infection. people are at a risk for chlamydia infection if they don't use condom during sexual activity.
Diagnosis- Laboratory test is done. urethritis is confirmed by finding polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a gram stain of urethral secretion. specimen are collected from site such as the urethral meatus,vagina or cervix.
Treatment- Chlamydia infection can be easily treated with antibiotics. All sexual partners should be evaluated, tested & treated. patients with chlamydia should abstain from sexual intercourse until they and their sex partners have completed treatment. Otherwise re-infection is possible and women's are frequently re-infected if their sex partners are not treated. most post-treatment infection are as a result of reinfection and not failed therapy. Re-screening can be performed if reinfection is suspected. Untreated infection can spread into uterus and fallopian tube and causes PID. PID can cause permanent damage to the fallopian tube,uterus and surrounding tissues.The damage can lead to chronic pelvis pain, infertility & fatal ectopic pregnancy.
Prevention- The most reliable way to avoid STD transmission is abstain from sexual contact.For many people cutting down sex is not what they choose so, the best safe way is a long-term monogamous relationship. Screening should be done at least annually for chlamydia among all sexually active women age 25years or younger and other high risk groups. All pregnant women should have antenatal serological testing because a baby born to an infected mother can have chlamydia infection in their eyes called as trachoma. Trachoma is a specific communicable keratoconjunctivitis and is the most common cause of avoidable blindness in the world. It also affects the respiratory tracts causing atypical pneumonia. It is the leading cause of early infant pneumonia and conjunctivitis in new born. Talk with your partner about STD before beginning a sexual relationship. Use condoms with a new partner until you are certain he or she does not have an STD. Female condoms are available for women whose partners will not use a male condom. Never involve sexually with more than one sex partner at a time. The risk for an STD increases as the number of sex partners increases.
Symptoms- Often a chlamydia infection causes no symptoms at all. symptoms occur 1-3 weeks after exposure.women having symptoms like an abnormal vaginal discharge or a burning sensation during urination, pain during sex, any unusual sore, odour, discharge from genital and bleeding between menstrual cycle could be an STD infection. If a women has any of these symptoms she should stop having sex and consult a health care provider immediately.Men with symptoms might have discharge from the penis or a burning sensation when urinating. men might also have burning and itching around the opening of the penis.
Transmission- It is transmitted during vaginal, anal or oral sex. Infection can pass from infected mother to her baby during vaginal childbirth. MSM are also at risk of chlamydia infection because they get through oral or anal sex. Infection is transmitted by having sex with a person who has a chlamydia infection.Having sex with a new partner or having multiple sex partners or a person who has had many sex partner are at increase risk of infection. people are at a risk for chlamydia infection if they don't use condom during sexual activity.
Diagnosis- Laboratory test is done. urethritis is confirmed by finding polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a gram stain of urethral secretion. specimen are collected from site such as the urethral meatus,vagina or cervix.
Treatment- Chlamydia infection can be easily treated with antibiotics. All sexual partners should be evaluated, tested & treated. patients with chlamydia should abstain from sexual intercourse until they and their sex partners have completed treatment. Otherwise re-infection is possible and women's are frequently re-infected if their sex partners are not treated. most post-treatment infection are as a result of reinfection and not failed therapy. Re-screening can be performed if reinfection is suspected. Untreated infection can spread into uterus and fallopian tube and causes PID. PID can cause permanent damage to the fallopian tube,uterus and surrounding tissues.The damage can lead to chronic pelvis pain, infertility & fatal ectopic pregnancy.
Prevention- The most reliable way to avoid STD transmission is abstain from sexual contact.For many people cutting down sex is not what they choose so, the best safe way is a long-term monogamous relationship. Screening should be done at least annually for chlamydia among all sexually active women age 25years or younger and other high risk groups. All pregnant women should have antenatal serological testing because a baby born to an infected mother can have chlamydia infection in their eyes called as trachoma. Trachoma is a specific communicable keratoconjunctivitis and is the most common cause of avoidable blindness in the world. It also affects the respiratory tracts causing atypical pneumonia. It is the leading cause of early infant pneumonia and conjunctivitis in new born. Talk with your partner about STD before beginning a sexual relationship. Use condoms with a new partner until you are certain he or she does not have an STD. Female condoms are available for women whose partners will not use a male condom. Never involve sexually with more than one sex partner at a time. The risk for an STD increases as the number of sex partners increases.
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