NEPAL: AIDS/HIV

In Nepal HIV/AIDS is emerging as one of the major social and economical challenges. The people most affected by HIV/AIDS are those between the ages of 15 and 49.
AIDS may become the leading cause of death in the many working age of 15 and 49 years if an effective response is not taken now. The increasing prevalence of HIV/Aids is pushing our country towards a disaster. People are ignorant they lack information about the critical health consequences of HIV/AIDS. Cases of HIV/AIDS are among sex workers, injecting drug users, clients of sex workers; a small number of cases in housewives and children from vertical transmission.
Political instability in Nepal is leading to increased population mixing following displacement, which may promote high risk behavior sexual violence, increase in the rate of HIV infection in the time of conflict. The trafficking of Nepalese women and young girls to India is a major risk factor for HIV transmission. Every women's are not trafficked. Some has no any options left behind, to fulfill their requirements and responsibility towards families. Poverty drives large numbers of women to become prostitutes & bar girls consciously. Girls trafficked in India after returning to their families and villages are mostly not accepted in the society with respect. They do feel that this will disgrace the village's reputation and no one will marry and will reject others eligible girls. As a result, these victims of trafficking may be forced to keep selling themselves. They may also become pregnant and spread the virus to their babies during pregnancy or birth or through breast-feeding. These smallest victims need to be protected from HIV. With adequate treatment,mother-to-child-transmission is almost entirely preventable. An expectant mother can pass HIV during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. If a pregnant woman is given antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and labor, and her baby gets a dose of medication immediately after birth, the chances of her spreading HIV to the infant can be reduced.
People who suffer are reluctant to discuss such issues because they fear of being marked as disgrace or infamy. One of the most serious and widespread problems is discrimination in the society and in the workplace. Business can play an important role in miniaturizing the socioeconomic costs of AIDS epidemic by enforcing non-discriminatory strategy, educating working classes, and providing medical facilities to HIV positive employees. These implications can help people understand and accept that people with HIV/Aids can live a normal productive life.
The poverty and powerlessness of women in most developing countries are making them increasingly susceptible to AIDS/HIV. Poverty, which forces women to stay with promiscuous, HIV- infected husbands and risk infection for themselves in order to maintain their access to men's economic resources. Most underprivileged societies girls and women do not have the power to reject unwanted or unsafe sex. Poverty and powerlessness among women's is an obstacle that makes reducing prostitution difficult so,the spread of AIDS continues.

Housewives are now becoming one of the vulnerable groups in the country, with the infection rate increasing. Due to the migrant laborers going to India and Middle East and remain away for years.They do have sexual contacts and spread infections to their wives once they are home. Injecting Drug Users forms the population in which HIV poses threat of explosive HIV epidemic. In Nepal wide spread sharing of contaminated injecting needle is the common and a major risk factor for HIV. So,AIDS happens to be the concentrated epidemic within the groups of sex workers and injecting drug users. All these might ultimately lead be a major health problem in Nepal. Government should take action immediately because ignoring such issues can soon increase the number of death from AIDS. If the AIDS epidemic continues to grow Nepal will have to face a tragic situation. MSM those married may put their wives at risk of becoming infected with HIV. Gays risk of acquiring HIV. men having sex with men must be urged to get HIV test regularly so that treatment could be started earlier and reduce the rate of transmission to partners. A late diagnosis increases the likelihood of passing HIV as well as greatly reducing the quality of health & lifestyle of people living with HIV.

Condom awareness plays a vital role in improving sexual health.Enforcing to practice safe sex by using condom with partners is the best way to halt the high numbers of emerging new cases.Young adults who are sexually active must be urged to carry and use condoms. Positive trends in young sexual behaviors like increased use of condoms, delay of sexual debut, and fewer sexual partners. This helps prevent sexually transmitted diseases rising among young people.Passing on Hopes to youths in dealing with emotions & stress, support them and communicate in issues that they cannot discuss with family members because of lack of social acceptance.
Nationalist concerns needs to be strong commitment of the governments, and from our political leaders with actions that would bring political stability and development. AIDS/HIV is also a developmental issue therefore a multi-sectoral approach is a must. A strong coordination and cooperation is necessary from all sectors. Education and health care must be the key government priority. Use of targeted intervention program in recognition of high risk groups from the population. Sexual health services needs to be made easier and faster to reach the people. HIV prevention needs to be focused and persistent reaching to those most at risk of HIV infection. Better prevention could halt its spread by reducing risk of HIV infection among sex workers and their clients, injecting drug users, and homosexuals. Government should march forward to resolve the social and economical cause of this epidemic such as poverty, inequality, stigma, discrimination, sex trafficking of women, illiteracy, and cultural restrictions on discussing sex. Along with all improvements we also need better HIV testing strategies.

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